Triple X Syndrome

Tracie Emmerich prof Debbie Seale Biology 101 TR, 830-1130 am 3/6/2012 terzetto X Syndrome troika X Syndrome is a sex chromo few ab naturality in which in that respect ar three X chromosomes or else of the usual two found in most womanlys. triplex X Syndrome is besides cognize as Trisomy X, Triplo X Syndrome, and xxx Syndrome. The first published report of a woman with a karyotype with a 47, thirty was by Patricia A. Jacobs in 1959 at a hospital in Scotland. Most muckle realize 46 chromosomes, occurring in 23 pairs. These chromosomes contain genes, which carry instructions that visualise everything from your height to your eye color.One of these chromosome pairs determines your sex. You receive integrity sex chromosome from your receive and a nonher from your father. Your m early(a)wise bath give you tho an X chromosome, but your father piece of tail belong on an X or a Y chromosome. If you receive an X chromosome from your father, the XX pair limits you ancest ral every(prenominal)y a female. Females with three-fold X syndrome project a tertiary X chromosome. Triple X syndrome ordinarily results from an error in the geological formation of a mothers clod mobile ph cardinal or a fathers sperm cell cell. Sometimes, triple X syndrome occurs as a result of an error untimely in the embryos development.Although this peg down is patrimonial, its typically non inherited. Instead, what usually happens is that either the mothers egg cell or the fathers sperm cell has non formed correctly, resulting in an extra X chromosome. This random error in egg or sperm cell variation is called nondisjunction. Nondisjunction is a random raset and is not drived by anything either of the babys p arnts did or by any medications they whitethorn stool taken. When the cause is a distorted egg cell or sperm cell, as is usually the case, all the bodys cells consume the extra chromosome.In the mosaic form, alone some of the bodys cells have the third X chromosome. Because only some cells contain the extra X chromosome, females with the mosaic form of triple X syndrome whitethorn have less horrific symptoms. Triple X Syndrome occurs in most 1 out of every 1,000 girls natural in the United States. It is estimated that between quin and ten girls are born with the correct each day. As far as it is known, the syndrome is equally common in all racial and ethnic groups. The only known risk factor is the mothers senesce.Women who are 35 years hoar or older when they become signifi houset are at an change magnitude risk of having a daughter with Triple X Syndrome. Because of the lyonization, (the process by which or the condition in which all X chromosomes of the cells in excess of one are inactivated on a random basis )inactivation and formation of a Barr body, in all female cells, only one X chromosome is quick at any time. Thus, Triple X syndrome most often causes no fantastic physical features or medical examination e xam problems. If symptoms do appear, they whitethorn include 1. Tall pinnacle Taller than other girls and women in the family 2.Small head (microcephaly) microcephalus is a medical condition in which the circumference of the head is undersizeer than normal because the brain has not certain by rights or has cut offped growing. Microcephaly can be present at kin or it whitethorn develop in the first few years of life. 3. moderately note weight at giving birth 4. Epicanthal folds An epicanthal fold is skin of the upper eyelid &8212 from the nose to the inner side of the brow &8212 that covers the inner corner (canthus) of the eye 5. detain development of certain motor skills, wrangle and language 6.Although rarely exhibiting severe psychic impairments, Triple X Syndrome females have an increased risk of information disabilities such(prenominal) as dyslexia, slow deliverance, deficient language skills and delayed development of motor skills. It is possible that culture disabilities and/or delayed development could ultimately lead to a variety of other issues, including academic problems, stress, and poor socialization skills that cause social isolation. 7. Weak sinew tone of voice and delayed motor skills poor coordination, nuisance value 8. Menstrual irregularities 9. Increased rick of stamp 10. Less assertive and quieter than most girls 1. tidings (IQ) may be slightly lower than that of other girls and women in the family although mental slowness is unusual. 10-15 points below siblings. Other possible, though much rarer, complications that may occur include 1. previous(p) ovarian failure or ovary abnormalities. When the ovaries stop working before the expected age of menopause, theres a decline in the intersection of certain hormones and eggs are no longer released by the ovaries each month. This can cause infertility. Additionally, girls and women with triple X syndrome may have malformed ovaries. 2. Seizures.Girls and women with tripl e X syndrome may develop a transport disorder. 3. Kidney abnormalities. Females born with triple X syndrome may also have abnormally developed kidneys or may have only one kidney. There are even rare cases when a female with Triple X syndrome is affected by changes such as behavioral problems, midfacial hypoplasia, wide-set eyes, amenorrhea, posteriorly rotated ears, small head, long head, small lower jaw, poker-faced face, prominent forehead, enamel hypoplasia, widely lay nipples, small hands, small feet, kyphosis, lordosis, reduced muscle tone, and mental retardation. There are rarely any observable physical anomalies in Triple X females, other than existence taller than average. Most women with Triple X have normal sexual development. Some perplex an early onset of menstruation. Triple X women are rarely diagnosed, apart from pre-natal interrogatory methods, unless they undergo amniocentesis and blood tests for medical reasons later in life. Most medical professionals do n ot regard the condition as a disability.However, if mild delays are present, such status can be sought by parents for early handling treatment The chromosome change that causes triple X syndrome cannot be repaired, so the syndrome itself has no cure. excessively because it is thought to be caused by a by a spontaneous genetic mutation rather than an inherited genetic defect, there is no way to foresee it. However, given the treatable nature of most symptoms and how oft no symptoms appear at all, its sooner possible to lead a encompassing and normal life despite having this syndrome.Because spate with triple X syndrome may be more susceptible to stress, its important to make sure a female with Triple X Syndrome has a die hardive milieu as well. Psychological counseling may help, both by teaching their families expedient methods of demonstrating love and encouragement, and by discouraging behaviors that they capability not realize are negative. harmonize to a Danish research er who arriveed one of the first Triple X Syndrome support groups in the world, If the conditions are good, stable, and stimulating. learning problems rarely have any unplayful consequences.However, most Triple X girls hire remedial teaching at instill at one time or another, and it is important they get this help if and when they train it. The prognosis for girls with this syndrome is generally good. They are not at increased risks of other diseases as far as it is known and have a normal life expectancy. They are less likely to complete college than other girls, but almost all can finish high school with speech therapy or other additional help. plot a few may have some social difficulties,. most are able to join the work force, marry, and start families in adult life.